문법이 ν•„μš”ν•΄?

λ‹¨μˆ˜μ™€ 볡수, 그리고 수 μΌμΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ„€λͺ…

Heyee 2025. 2. 24. 18:46
λ°˜μ‘ν˜•

μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•˜κ²Œ λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” 수 κ°œλ…κ³Ό 수일치

ν•œκ΅­μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ κ°œλ…μ΄μ§€λ§Œ μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” λͺ‡κ°œμΈμ§€ μˆ˜λŸ‰μ΄ 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€.

1. λ‹¨μˆ˜ (Singular)와 볡수 (Plural)

  • λ‹¨μˆ˜: ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒ, 사물, λ˜λŠ” κ°œλ…μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: book (μ±… ν•˜λ‚˜), dog (개 ν•˜λ‚˜), child (아이 ν•˜λ‚˜)
  • 볡수: 두 개 μ΄μƒμ˜ μ‚¬λžŒ, 사물, λ˜λŠ” κ°œλ…μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: books (μ±…λ“€), dogs (κ°œλ“€), children (아이듀)

2. λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜• λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 방법

  • 일반적인 경우: 단어 뒀에 -sλ₯Ό λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: dogdogs, catcats
  • s, x, z, ch, sh둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 단어: -esλ₯Ό λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: boxboxes, churchchurches
  • 자음 + y둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 단어: yλ₯Ό i둜 λ°”κΎΈκ³  -esλ₯Ό λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: citycities, partyparties
  • λͺ¨μŒ + y둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 단어: -s만 λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: boyboys, toytoys
  • λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•: λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ΄ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν•˜λŠ” 단어듀도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: manmen, womanwomen, childchildren

3. 수일치 (Subject-Verb Agreement)

μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 주어와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μˆ˜κ°€ μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉, λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄μ—λŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사가, 볡수 μ£Όμ–΄μ—λŠ” 볡수 동사가 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: The dog runs fast. (μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ "The dog" → 동사 "runs")
  • 볡수 μ£Όμ–΄λ³΅μˆ˜ 동사
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ: The dogs run fast. (μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ "The dogs" → 동사 "run")

4. 3인칭 λ‹¨μˆ˜ ν˜„μž¬ν˜• 동사

  • 3인칭 λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄(he, she, it)κ°€ μžˆμ„ λ•Œ 동사에 -s λ˜λŠ” -esλ₯Ό λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜ˆμ‹œ:

5. μ˜ˆμ™Έ

  • I와 youλŠ” 항상 볡수 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (λ‹¨μˆ˜μ΄μ§€λ§Œ 볡수처럼 μ·¨κΈ‰) μ˜ˆμ‹œ:
    • I like pizza.
    • You like pizza.
  • μ§‘ν•©λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 상황에 따라 λ‹¨μˆ˜ λ˜λŠ” 볡수 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
    μ˜ˆμ‹œ:
    • The team is playing well. (νŒ€μ΄ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ‹¨μœ„λ‘œ 행동할 λ•Œ)
    • The team are arguing. (νŒ€ ꡬ성원듀이 κ°œλ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 행동할 λ•Œ)

μ—°μŠ΅ 문제

  1. λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 주어와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μˆ˜μΌμΉ˜κ°€ λ§žλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ , 틀리닀면 κ³ μ³λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
  2. μ£Όμ–΄μ§„ λ¬Έμž₯을 λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΏ”λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
  3. μ£Όμ–΄μ§„ λ¬Έμž₯을 λ‹¨μˆ˜ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΏ”λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
  4. μ£Όμ–΄μ§„ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 주어와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 수일치λ₯Ό κ³ μ³λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
  5. λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 주어와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μˆ˜μΌμΉ˜κ°€ λ§žλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ , 틀리닀면 κ³ μ³λ³΄μ„Έμš”.

Practice Questions: λ§žλŠ” 것을 κ³ λ₯΄μ‹œμ˜€.

  1. The dog (bark / barks) loudly at night.
  2. Neither the teacher nor the students (was / were) ready for the exam.
  3. The books on the shelf (is / are) all new.
  4. Each of the children (has / have) their own toy.
  5. The news about the concert (was / were) very exciting.

















λ‹΅

  1. She goShe goes
    (μ£Όμ–΄ "She"λŠ” 3인칭 λ‹¨μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ 동사에 -esκ°€ λΆ™μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.)
  2. The cat sleepsThe cats sleep
    (λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄ "cat"μ—μ„œ 볡수 μ£Όμ–΄ "cats"둜 λ°”κΎΈκ³ , λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ³€κ²½ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.)
  3. They have finished their homeworkThe student has finished his homework
    (볡수 μ£Όμ–΄ "They"μ—μ„œ λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄ "The student"둜 λ°”κΎΈκ³ , λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ³€κ²½ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.)
  4. The children playsThe children play
    ("Children"은 이미 λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ΄λ―€λ‘œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.)
  5. My friends lovesMy friends love
    ("Friends"λŠ” λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ΄λ―€λ‘œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.)

Answers:

  1. barks – "Dog"λŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ "barks"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  2. were – "Students"λŠ” λ³΅μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ "were"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  3. are – "Books"λŠ” λ³΅μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ "are"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  4. has – "Each"λŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ "has"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  5. was – "News"λŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ "was"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.